Note 29 – Derivative instruments

2018 2017
SEK m Asset Liability Asset Liability
Interest rate swaps – cash flow hedge 3 0 5
Currency forward contracts 1 1 2 11
Liability for put option of minority owners 348 11
Total reported in the balance sheet 1 351 2 28
Financial instruments covered by set-off master agreement 0 0
Total after taking into consideration set-off master agreement 1 2

Duni uses interest rate swaps and currency forward contracts to manage its exposure to changes in exchange rates.All derivative instruments are measured at market value and changes in value with respect to currency forward contracts are recognized in the income statement, whereas changes in the value of interest rate swaps are recognized in other comprehensive income.The change in value of the liability for the put option is recognized in equity. The subsidiary’s figures correspond to those of the Group.

The maximum exposure to credit risks on the balance sheet date is the fair value of the derivative instruments recognized as assets in the balance sheet.

Interest rate swaps

The finance policy prescribes that the average interest term shall be six months for the total loan portfolio, with the possibility of a variation of +/-six months.

Duni has chosen to hedge part of its outstanding loans through interest rate swaps, variable against fixed interest rates. Reporting of interest rate swaps is classified as cash flow hedging and recognized under hedge accounting in accordance with IFRS 9.

The outstanding nominal amount on 12/31/2018 was EUR 40 m. Gains and losses on interest rate swaps as per December 31, 2018, which are recognized in the hedging reserve in equity in the “Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity”, will be regularly transferred to financial expenses in the income statement until such time as the swap has expired.

Net Investment Hedge

Part of the assets in newly acquired company BioPak Pty Ltd is hedged using currency forward contracts pursuant to the rules on net investment hedges.

Currency forward contracts

Currency forward contracts are entered into with the aim of protecting the Group from exchange rate movements through the contract determining the rate at which an asset or liability in foreign currency will be realized. An increase or decrease in the amount required to settle the asset/liability is offset by a corresponding change in value of the currency forward contract.

Weighted average terms to expiration for the Group’s currency forward contracts broken down by purpose are shown in the table below:

Average term in months
2018 2017
Currency forward contracts for financial assets and liabilities 3 3

At the end of the period, the market value of these forward contracts was SEK 1 m (2017: SEK -9 m).

Liability for put option of minority owners

On October 15, 2018, Duni acquired 75% of the shares in BioPak Pty Ltd in Australia. There is a put option and a call option both parties can opt to exercise within two years amounting to approximately SEK 24 m for an additional 5% of the shares. Duni has an obligation to acquire the remaining 20% of the shares within five years. One of the minority shareholders of BioPak Pty Ltd thus has a put option during the period from October 2023 to April 2024, whereby the redemption price is determined by the future income.

In February 2018, Duni acquired 75% of the shares in Kindtoo Ltd, which is marketed under the name of Biopac UK Ltd. The minority owners of Kindtoo Ltd have a put option during the period from August 2020 to March 2021, whereby the redemption price is determined by the future income and Duni thus has an obligation to acquire the remaining 25%.

In a previous year, Duni acquired 80% of the shares of New Zealand company United Corporations Limited, which is traded under the name Sharp Serviettes. The minority owners have a put option that may be exercised by the seller during the April–June period in the years 2019–2021. The redemption price is determined by future income multiplied by a given multiple, which results in an obligation for Duni to acquire the remaining 20% of the shares.

Duni recognizes a small part as a short-term and the rest as a long-term derivative liability for these put options equivalent to the discounted expected redemption price for the options.